What condition will occur if there is over-watering of plants?

Over-watering plants can lead to a lack of oxygen in the soil. When soil becomes waterlogged due to excessive watering, the air spaces between soil particles are filled with water, preventing oxygen from reaching the roots of the plants. Roots require oxygen for respiration, and without it, they can become stressed and begin to die off. This situation can also lead to various problems such as root rot, which further compromises the health of the plant.

In healthy soil, a good balance of water and air is necessary for optimal root function and overall plant health. When oxygen is restricted due to water saturation, the plant struggles to take up nutrients, leading to poor growth and other adverse effects. Thus, understanding the relationship between water and soil aeration is crucial for proper plant care.